Animal product
An animal product is any
material derived from the body of an animal.
Examples are fat, flesh, blood, milk, eggs, and lesser known products such as isinglass
and rennet.
Animal by-products are carcasses
and parts of carcasses from slaughterhouses, animal shelters, zoos and
veterinarians, and products of animal origin not intended for human
consumption, including catering waste (all waste food from restaurants,
catering facilities, central kitchens, slaughterhouses and household kitchens)
These products may go through a process known as "rendering" to be made into human and
non-human foodstuffs, fats, and other material that can be sold to make
commercial products such as cosmetics, paint, cleaners, polishes, glue, soap
and ink. The sale of animal by-products allows the meat industry
to compete economically with industries selling sources of vegetable protein.
Generally, products made from
fossilized or decomposed animals, such as petroleum
formed from the ancient remains of marine
animals, are not considered animal products. Crops grown in soil fertilized with animal remains are rarely characterized as
animal products.
Several diets prohibit the inclusion of
some animal products, including vegetarian,
kosher,
and halaal.
Other diets, such as veganism and the raw vegan
diet, exclude any material of animal origin. Slaughterhouse
waste is defined as animal body parts cut off in the preparation of carcasses
for use as food. This waste can come from several sources, including slaughterhouses,
restaurants,
stores and farms.
In the UK, slaughterhouse waste is classed as category 3 risk wastes in the Animal By-Products Regulations,
with the exception of condemned meat which is classed as category 2 risk.
Food
- Blood, especially in the form of blood sausage
- Bone, including bone char, bone meal, etc.
- Broths and stocks are often created with animal fat, bone, and connective tissue
- Carmine also known as cochineal (food dye)
- Casein (found in milk and cheese)
- Civet oil (food flavoring additive)
- Dairy products (e.g., milk, cheese, yogurt, etc.)
- Eggs
- Gelatin
- Honey
- Honeydew (secretion)
- Isinglass (used in clarification of beer and wine)
- L-cysteine from human hair and pig bristles (used in the production of biscuits and bread)
- Lard
- Kopi Luwak & Black Ivory Coffee
- Meat (including fish, poultry, and game)
- Rennet (commonly used in the production of cheese)
- Shellac
A hallmark of the Eastern Shore Laboratory is its
facilities for maintaining and experimenting with live marine and estuarine
organisms. A flexible seawater system and a large number of seawater tanks,
tables, and aquaria make it possible to support a variety of marine-culture and
animal-maintenance needs. Individuals wishing to use these facilities for the
maintenance of marine organisms should first submit a completed Request
for Animal Maintenance form to the Director for scheduling purposes.
The Animal Maintenance form should be filled out and returned in advance. If
your work will involve the use of vertebrates, you should also complete the Research on Animal Subjects form and
send one copy to the Animal Research Committee at William & Mary and one
copy to the Eastern Shore Lab. The proper care and maintenance of organisms
generally includes establishing feeding schedules, monitoring water quality,
controlling temperature, and the cleaning of tanks, filters, and seawater
lines. To ensure that we meet all of these needs, it is essential that each
investigator work with the Director and staff
of the Laboratory to develop a clear maintenance schedule. It is recognized
that at a coastal field station investigators will often be away from the
laboratory for periods during which their organisms will require maintenance by
the resident staff. It is absolutely imperative that this maintenance be the
product of prior planning, in writing, with the Director.
